The role of housing in achieving Millennium Development Goals

Goal 1: Eradicate poverty & hunger
  • Residential activities can provide job opportunities and income and thereby allow urban poor to invest in food and other basic needs.
  • Residential activities improve a nation’s wealth (e.g. Taxes & savings) and allow governments and agencies to invest in social oriented programmes to reduce poverty.
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
  • Improved, and access to, housing in appropriate locations lowers absenteeism from school. 
  • Secure tenure allows parents to engage in income-generating activities allowing them to cater for educational expenses.
Goal 3: Promote gender equality & empower women
  • Secure tenure contributes to household stability and provides women with a peaceful atmosphere to engage in economic-generating activities. 
  • Good housing reduces stress and contributes to women’s productivity.
Goal 4: Reduce child morality
  •  Good housing and related services (e.g. water, electricity, and sanitation) reduces the risk of disease among children.
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
  • Improved housing lowers the risk of illness for women. 
  • Secure tenure reduces stress, especially for women.
  • Safeguards nurturing of the young.
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, & other diseases
  • Access to housing reduces homelessness and risks of social vices associated with living on the street.
  • Good housing brings comfort, reduces overcrowding, and limits the transmission of communicable diseases (e.g. tuberculosis). It also facilitates and enhances care-giving.
  • Health conditions depend largely on good living environment.
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
  • Good housing conditions and related services contribute to a good environment and improvement in the lives of slum-dwellers.
  • Use of environmentally-friendly building materials, including energy-efficient materials, contributes to environmental protection.
  • Good housing and urban design are cornerstones for mitigating ecological footprints of settlements and reducing vulnerability to climate change.
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
  • Partnership between national government and international development agencies creates synergy and reduces vulnerability to climate change.
  • Partnership between national government and international development agencies for housing ensures realistic policies and programmes and sharing of best practices. 
  • Programmes that involve partnerships among national governments, international development agencies, local communities, and slum-dwellers have a better chance of long-term sustainability.

Credit: Tibaijuka, A. (2009) Building Prosperity – Housing and Economic Development, Earthscan: London.